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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋam | om papaŋ |
| 2SG: | papaŋat | ot papaŋ |
| 3SG: | papaŋeš | ok/ogeš papaŋ |
| 1PL: | papaŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na papaŋ |
| 2PL: | papaŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da papaŋ |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑t | ogə̑t papaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋə̑m | šə̑m papaŋ |
| 2SG: | papaŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ papaŋ |
| 3SG: | papaŋe | ə̑š papaŋ |
| 1PL: | papaŋna | ə̑šna papaŋ |
| 2PL: | papaŋda | ə̑šda papaŋ |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑č́ | ə̑št papaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋə̑nam | papaŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | papaŋə̑nat | papaŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | papaŋə̑n | papaŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | papaŋə̑nna | papaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | papaŋə̑nda | papaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑nə̑t | papaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋam ə̑l'e | om papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | papaŋat ə̑l'e | ot papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | papaŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | papaŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | papaŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t papaŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋam ulmaš | om papaŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | papaŋat ulmaš | ot papaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | papaŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš papaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | papaŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na papaŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | papaŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da papaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t papaŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | papaŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | papaŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | papaŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | papaŋə̑n ə̑l'e | papaŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | papaŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | papaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | papaŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | papaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | papaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋə̑nam ulmaš | papaŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | papaŋə̑nat ulmaš | papaŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | papaŋə̑n ulmaš | papaŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | papaŋə̑nna ulmaš | papaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | papaŋə̑nda ulmaš | papaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | papaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | papaŋ | it papaŋ |
| 3SG: | papaŋže | ə̑nže papaŋ |
| 1PL: | (papaŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na papaŋ) |
| 2PL: | papaŋza | ida papaŋ |
| 3PL: | papaŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št papaŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋnem | ə̑nem papaŋ |
| 2SG: | papaŋnet | ə̑net papaŋ |
| 3SG: | papaŋneže | ə̑než papaŋ |
| 1PL: | papaŋnena | ə̑nena papaŋ |
| 2PL: | papaŋneda | ə̑neda papaŋ |
| 3PL: | papaŋnešt | ə̑nešt papaŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | papaŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | papaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | papaŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | papaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | papaŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda papaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | papaŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt papaŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | papaŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net papaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | papaŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než papaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | papaŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda papaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | papaŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt papaŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | papaŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | papaŋman |
| Active participle: | papaŋše |
| Passive participle: | papaŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | papaŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | papaŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | papaŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | papaŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | papaŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | papaŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | papaŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | papaŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | papaŋdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||